All terrain vehicle

ABSTRACT

An ATV is disclosed having a frame, a seat supported by the frame, front and rear wheels supporting the frame, a drivetrain supported by the frame, and an operator&#39;s compartment extending generally between the seat and a front enclosure. The ATV includes foot pedals to control the speed and acceleration of the vehicle. The ATV may include a floorboard including a footwell and a dead pedal for locating the operator&#39;s foot relative to the foot pedals.

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/362,889, filed Jan. 31, 2012, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional application Ser. No. 61/438,452, filed Feb. 1, 2011; Ser. No. 61/438,433 filed Feb. 1, 2011; and Ser. No. 61/438,538 filed Feb. 1, 2011; the subject matter of each being incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

The subject application relates to an ATV having improved operator area ergonomics and a roll cage surrounding the operator.

SUMMARY

ATVs are known and typically have 4 wheels supporting a frame and a straddle seat, the straddle seat may be defined for a single rider, or the straddle seat may be elongated and have a passenger position. One form of straddle frame is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,975,624, the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference. This vehicle normally has a front and rear rack for hauling various cargo. An example of such a vehicle is the Polaris Sportsman, and a 2 passenger vehicle is known as the Polaris Sportsman Touring, see also US Publication 20090195035, incorporated herein by reference.

Side by side vehicles are known in the industry and typically have 4 wheels supported by a frame, and side by seats either in bench or bucket form. This class of vehicle normally has a roll cage associated with it. This vehicle also normally has a front cargo rack and a rear cargo box or rear cargo rack. The Polaris Ranger and RZR are examples of the side by side vehicles; see also U.S. Pat. No. 7,819,220 incorporated herein by reference.

SUMMARY

In one aspect of the present disclosure, an ATV comprises a frame; a seat supported by the frame; front and rear wheels supporting the frame; a drivetrain supported by the frame, and drivingly coupled to the front and rear wheels; an operator's compartment extending generally between the seat and a front enclosure, the front enclosure extending forwardly to a position proximate an axial centerline of the front wheels; front lower alignment arms having an inner end and an outer end; front struts having a shock absorber and a hub portion, the front struts being coupled to the front lower alignment arms at a lower end of the front struts and the frame at an upper end thereof; and a steering mechanism positioned forward of the axial centerline of the front wheels and steeringly coupled to the front struts.

In another aspect, an ATV comprises a frame having generally longitudinally extending frame members, a front frame portion extending transversely across a front portion of the generally longitudinally extending frame members, the front frame portion extending beyond the generally longitudinally extending frame members to define first mounting extensions; a seat supported by the frame; front and rear wheels supporting the frame; a drivetrain supported by the frame, and drivingly coupled to the front and rear wheels; and front lower alignment arms having an inner end and an outer end, the inner end being coupled to the mounting extensions.

In yet another aspect, an ATV comprises a frame; a driver seat supported by the frame and generally aligned with the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle; front and rear wheels supporting the frame; a steering mechanism supported by the frame and coupled to the front and rear wheels for steering; a drivetrain supported by the frame, and drivingly coupled to the front and rear wheels; an operator's compartment extending generally between the seat and a front enclosure; and a protective canopy supported by the frame, at least a portion of the protective canopy extending to a position laterally beyond the inside edge of the wheels.

In a further aspect, an ATV comprises a frame; a seat supported by the frame; front and rear wheels supporting the frame; a drivetrain supported by the frame, and drivingly coupled to the front and rear wheels; a front differential coupled to the drivetrain and having drive couplings coupled to the front wheels, a centerline through the drive couplings being rearward of an axial centerline through the front wheels; front struts having a shock absorber and a hub portion; and a steering mechanism positioned forward of the axial centerline of the front wheels and steeringly coupled to the front struts.

In yet another aspect, an ATV comprises a frame having main frame members extending generally parallel to a vehicle longitudinal axis. A front frame portion has upright frame portions extending upwardly from the generally longitudinally extending frame members, and a cross frame member extending generally transverse to the vehicle longitudinal axis. A driver's seat is supported by the generally longitudinally extending frame members and generally aligned with the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle. Front and rear wheels support the frame. A steering mechanism is supported by the frame and is coupled to the front wheels for steering. A drivetrain is supported by the frame, and is drivingly coupled to the front and rear wheels. An operator's compartment extends generally between the seat and a front enclosure. A protective canopy is supported by the frame, and at least a portion of the protective canopy is supported by the cross frame member at positions laterally beyond the seat.

In a further illustrative aspect, an all-terrain vehicle comprises a frame, a seat supported by the frame, and front and rear wheels supporting the frame. A drive train is supported by the frame and is drivingly coupled to the front and rear wheels. Front lower alignment arms include an inner end and an outer end, the inner end pivotably coupled to the frame and the outer end coupled to one of the front wheels. Front upper alignment arms include an inner end and an outer end, the inner end pivotably coupled to the frame and the outer end coupled to one of the front wheels. Front shock absorbers are operably coupled to the front upper alignment arms. Each shock absorber includes a lower mounting coupled to one of the upper alignment arms intermediate the inner end and the outer end, and an upper mounting coupled to the frame.

In yet another aspect, an all-terrain vehicle comprises a frame, a seat supported by the frame, and front and rear wheels supporting the frame. A drive train is supported by the frame. A floorboard is supported by the frame. A foot control is positioned adjacent the floorboard and is configured to be depressed by a foot of an operator supported by the seat. The floorboard includes a footwell to receive a heel of the operator's right foot, and a dead pedal to support the operator's left foot.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The subject vehicle will be described by way of reference to the following figures, where:

FIG. 1 is a front left perspective view of the vehicle of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a right rear perspective view of the vehicle of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the vehicle of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the vehicle of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a front left perspective view of the frame of the vehicle of FIGS. 1-4;

FIG. 6 is a left front under side perspective view of the frame of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a right rear perspective view of the frame of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a top view of the frame of FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is a rear view of the frame of FIG. 5;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the front right engine mount;

FIG. 11 shows a front view of the frame;

FIG. 12 shows a front left perspective view of a front bracket of the frame;

FIG. 13 is a front under side perspective view of the ATV;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the front differential and steering mechanism through lines 14-14 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 15 is a left side view of the front portion of the ATV showing the front differential and steering mechanism;

FIG. 16 is a left hand perspective view showing the front differential and steering mechanism;

FIG. 17 is an enlarged perspective view of the steering mechanism shown in FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is a right rear perspective view of the ATV;

FIG. 19 is a rear view of the ATV shown in FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a bottom view of the vehicle shown in FIG. 18;

FIG. 21 shows a top perspective view of the power train and differentials;

FIG. 22 is an underside perspective view of the power train and differentials shown in FIG. 21;

FIG. 23 is a right side view of the power train and differentials of the ATV;

FIG. 24 is a top plan view of the ATV showing the operator's compartment;

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view through lines 25-25 of FIG. 24;

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view through lines 26-26 if FIG. 24;

FIG. 27 is an enlarged view of the portion denoted in FIG. 9;

FIG. 28 is an enlarged perspective view of the ATV roll cage front connection;

FIG. 29 is an enlarged perspective view of the front of the ATV roll cage connection of FIG. 28;

FIG. 30 shows a front perspective view of a winch mounted to the ATV;

FIG. 31 shows the radiator mounted above the winch;

FIG. 32 shows an exploded view of the mounting of the winch and radiator;

FIG. 33 shows a perspective view of the roll cage;

FIG. 34 shows a rear exploded view of the roll cage of FIG. 33;

FIG. 35 is a front right perspective view of a vehicle of a second embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 36 is a left-hand side view of the vehicle of FIG. 35;

FIG. 37 is a right side perspective view of the operator's area;

FIG. 38 is a left rear perspective view of the vehicle frame with the engine mounted;

FIG. 39 is a front left perspective view of the front of the frame;

FIG. 40 is a front left perspective view of the frame and engine mount;

FIG. 41 is a rear perspective view of a portion of the frame;

FIG. 42 is an enlarged view of the rear frame section of FIG. 41;

FIG. 43 is an underside view showing the front roll cage mount area;

FIG. 44 is an enlarged view of the front frame section;

FIG. 45 is an underside perspective view of the rear roll cage mount area;

FIG. 46 is a view showing the front suspension and steering system;

FIG. 47 is a perspective view of a further illustrative front suspension of a vehicle of the present application;

FIG. 48 is a front view of the front suspension of FIG. 47;

FIG. 49 is a top view of the front suspension of FIG. 47;

FIG. 50 is a bottom view of the front suspension of FIG. 47;

FIG. 51 is an exploded perspective view of the double A-arms of the front suspension of FIG. 47;

FIG. 52 is another exploded perspective view of the double A-arms of the front suspension of FIG. 47;

FIG. 53 is a front view in partial schematic, of a further illustrative front suspension of a vehicle of the present application;

FIG. 54 is a partial top perspective view showing foot controlled pedals above a floorboard of a vehicle of the present application;

FIG. 55 is a perspective view of the floorboard of FIG. 54;

FIG. 56 is a top view of the floorboard of FIG. 54;

FIG. 57 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 57-57 of FIG. 56, showing a longitudinal elevational contour of a footwell of the floorboard;

FIG. 58 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 58-58 of FIG. 56, showing a longitudinal elevational contour of a dead pedal of the floorboard;

FIG. 59 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 59-59 of FIG. 56, showing a transverse elevational contour of the footwell of the floorboard; and

FIG. 60 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 60-60 of FIG. 56, showing a transverse elevational contour of the dead pedal of the floorboard.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principals of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, which are described below. The embodiments disclosed below are not intended to be exhaustive or limit the invention to the precise form disclosed in the following detailed description. Rather, the embodiments are chosen and described so that others skilled in the art may utilize their teachings. It will be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended. The invention includes any alterations and further modifications in the illustrative devices and described methods and further applications of the principles of the invention which would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates.

With reference first to FIGS. 1-4, the general nature of the vehicle will be described. As shown, vehicle 2 is an ATV class vehicle for a single rider having dimensions similar to those of the Polaris Sportsman XP vehicle. That is, the wheel base of ATV 2 (the longitudinal distance between the center of wheels 12, 14) is between 60 and 65 inches in length, and in the embodiment shown in 62 inches. However as vehicle 2 includes a roll cage structure 4, the vehicle includes a walk through opening at 6 as best shown in FIG. 3, accessing an operator's area 8. With that background, the vehicle will be described in greater detail.

As shown in FIG. 1, vehicle 2 includes a frame 10, supported by front wheels 12 and rear wheels 14. Frame 10 generally supports a powertrain 20 as well as a single seat 22 shown in the form of a bucket seat. The bucket seat 22 may take the form of the seat in the vehicle known as the Polaris RZR, which is also shown in U.S. Pat. No. 7,819,220, mentioned above, the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference.

As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle may be steered by a steering wheel 30 which is adjustable by adjustment mechanism 32. Alternatively, vehicle 2 may be steered by a handlebar as is known by the Polaris Sportsman XP referred to above. In terms of vehicle speed controls, vehicle 2 may have operator controls 34 in the form of an accelerator pedal and a brake pedal similar to that of the Polaris RZR vehicle, or the vehicle may have vehicle speed controls by way of a thumb throttle and hand brakes on the handlebar as known by the Polaris Sportsman XP. As also shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, ATV 2 includes a front suspension 40 and a rear suspension 42. With the ATV 2 as generally described, the ATV 2 will be described in greater detail.

With reference now to FIGS. 5-9, frame 10 will be described in greater detail. As shown best in FIGS. 5 and 6, frame 10 is comprised of frame tubes 50 and 52, which extend generally longitudinally and define the main structure for ATV 2. Frame 10 includes an engine and transmission mount portion 54, a rear suspension mount portion 56 and front suspension mount portion shown generally at 58. As shown, frame 10 mounts an engine 60 (FIG. 1) and transmission 62 (FIG. 2) to mount portion 54. Engine 60 is of the type shown and described in either of Assignee's Ser. No. 13/242,229 or 13/242,239 both of which were filed on Sep. 23, 2011, the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference. Transmission 62, and the mounting of the engine and transmission together, as well as the mounting of the engine 90 and transmission 62 to frame 10 is similar to that shown in either of U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 12/849,480 or 12/849,516, both of which were filed on Aug. 3, 2010, the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference. Frame 10 further includes a front differential mount portion 70, a steering mechanism mount portion 72 and a steering post mount portion 74, all of which are shown in FIG. 5.

As shown in FIG. 5, frame tubes 50 and 52 are mirror images of each other, and therefore will be discussed having similar components. Frame tubes 50, 52 include tube portions 80, transition tube portions 82 and front tube portions 84. Cross frame portions 86 and 88, in the form of channels, extend between and connect the tube portions 80. A frame pan 90 extends from and is interconnected to frame tube portions 80 and cross frame portion 88, and extends generally rearwardly from the frame tubes 50, 52. Frame pan 90 extends generally parallel to frame tubes 50, 52 although frame pan 90 could extend at an angle relative thereto.

Frame pan 90 is generally trapezoidal in configuration (as best viewed in FIG. 8) and includes defined channels 92 for strengthening purposes. A clearance recess 94 is also defined as will be described further herein. As shown, frame pan 90 is a stamped and formed member from a structurally rigid material, such as steel or aluminum, but could be comprised of any structural material, such as a cast member, composite material, etc.

Rear suspension mount portion 56 is comprised of channels 100, 102 (FIGS. 5-7) mounted to the channels 92 and extend upwardly therefrom. Each of the channels 100, 102 include upper apertures 104, 108 and lower apertures 106, 110 for mounting suspension arms as shown best in FIG. 6, and as further described herein. Support tubes 120 (FIG. 7) are attached to frame pan 90 and are coupled to channels 100 to rigidify the channels and then extend rearwardly and upwardly to a rear frame panel 124.

Rear frame panel 124 extends upwardly from frame pan 90 and as best shown in FIG. 9, includes a lower panel section 126 coupled to frame pan 90, and in particular, is nestled between the channels 92. Rear frame panel 124 is comprised of channel portions 128 and plate portions 130, 132 (FIGS. 6 and 9) extending between channel portions 128, the channel portions defining mounting surfaces having apertures 134 and locating apertures 136, as further described herein.

As shown best in FIGS. 7 and 10, front engine mounts 140 are provided on frame 10. Front engine mounts 140 include top plate portion 142 attached to cross frame portion 88, and to an inside surface of frame tube 50. Front engine mounts 140 further include an upper mounting plate 144 having mounting apertures 146 and locating apertures 148, as further described herein.

As shown best in FIG. 9, the frame 10 further includes support uprights 150 for roll cage structure 4, with lower tube portions 152 coupled to frame tubes 50, 52; transition tube portions 154 extending upwardly, rearwardly and outwardly, and further includes upper tube portions 156. Attachment inserts 158 are coupled to the upper tube portions 156, as described further herein. Frame portions 160 (FIG. 8) extend from support uprights 150 and extend transverse to a longitudinal direction of the vehicle and include mounting inserts 162. A removable frame section 164 (see FIG. 2) is removably provided for ease of installing the engine and transmission subassembly as more fully described herein.

As shown in FIG. 5, the frame 10 further comprises frame tube portions 170, extending upwardly and rearwardly from frame tubes 50, 52 and intersecting with frame portions 160. Frame tube portions 180 extend upwardly from the rear frame panel 124 and extend forwardly to intersect with the support uprights 150. Brackets 182 extend between frame portions 160, frame tube portions 170 and frame tube portions 180, as best shown in FIG. 7. Shock mounting brackets 184 (FIGS. 6 and 7) are coupled to frame tubes 186, which in turn are coupled to frame tube portions 180. Frame 10 also includes a seat frame 190 (FIG. 7) having frame portions 192, 194 and 196 as further described herein.

With reference now to FIGS. 5 and 6, front suspension mount portion 58 will be described in greater detail. As shown, frame 10 includes front frame portion 200, in the form of a channel, extending transversely across a front portion of the frame tubes 50, 52. The front frame portion 200 extends transversely beyond the frame tubes to define first mounting extensions 202. As shown best in FIG. 6, frame 10 further comprises mounting plate 210 coupled between front tube portions 84, and defines a mounting plate 212 and second mounting extensions 214. First and second mounting extensions 202, 214 are provided for mounting a lower suspension arm as further disclosed herein.

With reference still to FIGS. 5-8 and 11, frame 10 further includes U-shaped frame tubes 220 having portions 222 butted into front frame portion 200, upwardly extending portions 224 and portions 226 extending longitudinally and rearwardly. Meanwhile frame tubes 230 (FIG. 6) extend from frame tubes 50, 52 at portions 232 and then upwardly at portions 234 and intersect with frame portions 226. A shock tower 240 extends transversely across the frame portions 226, and has shock mounts at 242. A frame tube 246 extends transversely across frame portions 234 and provides support for steering post mount portion 74. Frame tube 246 also includes mounting portions 248 adjacent to the tube ends for mounting of the roll cage structure 4, as described in greater detail herein.

Finally, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 12, steering mechanism mount portion 72 is shown including a plate portion 250 having a plurality of plate sections 252, 254, 256 and 258 extending from the marginal edges of plate portion 250. Plate section 252 extends forwardly and has circular cutout portions 260 profiled to partially surround frame portions 224 and threaded apertures 267. Plate sections 254 and 256 further include plate flaps 262 and 264 which fit within tube portions 224, and include threaded apertures 266. Plate section 258 extends rearwardly for contact with front frame portion 200. Plate portion 250 defines a mounting surface (the back side of plate portion 250 as viewed in FIG. 12) with mounting apertures 270 for mounting a steering mechanism thereto as described further herein. Plate sections 254 and 256 include mounting apertures 272 for mounting a winch thereto as further described herein.

It should be generally understood that the frame 10 as described above is a structurally rigid member. The frame is described as having a plurality of tubes and channels, and it should be understood that these items are structurally rigid, for example steel or aluminum tubes. Many plates are also referred to and these could be stamped and formed items of steel or aluminum construction, but they could also be one piece cast items, or composite materials. In the case of the steel construction, the various items are fixed together for example by welding, but the items could also be held together by fasteners, and some items could be held together by industrial adhesives, for example as shown and described in Applicants U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/027,116 filed Feb. 14, 2011, the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference.

With reference now to FIG. 13, front suspension 42 will be described in greater detail. As shown, front suspension 42 is comprised of lower control arms 280 (also known as A-arms) having an inner end at 282 and an outer end at 284. As shown, inner end 282 is coupled between first and second mounting extensions 202, 214. Outer end 284 of control arm 280 is defined as a ball joint and is coupled to a lower end of strut 290. As shown, strut 290 includes an upper shock absorber portion 292 and a lower steering portion 294. Steering portion 294 is comprised of a hub carrier 296 having a hub 298 rotatably coupled thereto. Strut steering portion 294 also includes a steering coupler at 300 as described herein. Shock absorber portion 292 of strut 290 is coupled to portion 242 of shock tower 240. Thus it should be understood that lower control arm (and wheel 12 attached to it) is movable upwardly and downwardly under the controlled resistance of an internal shock absorber 302.

With reference now to FIGS. 14-17, the steering assembly will be described in greater detail. With reference first to FIG. 14, the steering assembly includes a steering mechanism 310, which in the disclosed embodiment is a rack and pinion type steering system having an input shaft 312 (FIG. 17) with an output to steering arms 314 (FIG. 14). Input to steering shaft 312 is by way of steering wheel 30 (FIG. 15) to a steering shaft 320 coupled to steering post 322. It should be understood that the connection of steering shaft 320 to steering post 322 and connection of steering post 322 to steering mechanism 310 is by way of universal joints, for example universal joint 324 shown in FIG. 15.

As mentioned above, steering wheel 30 and steering shaft 320 are pivotally connected to steering post mount portion 74, the pivoting angle being adjustable through adjustment mechanism 32. With reference again to FIG. 13, it should be appreciated that steering arms 314 are coupled to steering couplers 300 on strut 290, the steering arms 314, therefore rotating the steering portions 294 of struts 290 for steering purposes. As shown best in FIGS. 13 and 17, steering mechanism 310 is fixed to the rear surface of plate 250 fixedly coupling steering mechanism 310 to the frame 10. In particular, steering mechanism 310 is attached by way of fasteners through apertures 270 (FIG. 12).

With reference now to FIG. 13-15, ATV 2 includes a front differential 330 which includes constant velocity couplings 332 as output from differential 330 and further includes constant velocity couplings 336 (FIG. 13) as input to steering portions 294, thereby driving hubs 298. As shown best in FIG. 13, front differential 330 is mounted to a top of plate 212 by way of a plurality of fasteners 340. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, steering mechanism 310 and front differential 330 are positioned in a somewhat tandem relationship and as best shown in FIG. 14, the centerline of differential 330 (shown at 342 in FIG. 14) is positioned rearward of a centerline through constant velocity couplings 336 (shown at 342 in FIG. 14), therefore stub shafts 338 angle forward to the constant velocity couplings 336. Differential 330 also includes an input shaft at 350 and a universal joint at 352.

With reference now to FIGS. 18-20, rear suspension 42 will be described in greater detail. As shown, rear suspension 42 is comprised of lower control arm 360 and upper control arm 362 coupled to brackets 100, 102. Lower control arm 360 has inner couplings at 364 and upper control arm 362 has couplings at 366. These couplings are positioned within channels 100, 102 and pivotally attached by way of fasteners 368 as best shown in FIG. 19. Lower control arm 360 includes a bracket 370 for mounting a shock absorber 372 with the shock rod 374 (FIG. 19) coupled to bracket 184 (FIG. 18). As shown best in FIG. 19, rear suspension 42 further comprises spindles 380 coupled to coupling 382 of lower control arm 360 and upper coupling 384 of upper control arm 362. A hub 390 is rotatably coupled to spindle 380 and includes a brake disk 392.

With reference now to FIGS. 20-22, power train 20 is shown in greater detail. Power train 20 includes engine 60 and transmission 62 coupled to each other as shown in either of U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 12/849,480 or 12/849,516, both of which were filed on Aug. 3, 2010, the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference. Engine 60 couples to transmission by way of a continuously variable transmission (CVT) 400 and engine 60 and transmission 62 are mechanically connected to each other by way of links 402 (FIG. 23). CVT 400 includes an inner housing 410 and an outer housing 412 which houses a drive and driven clutch as is known in the art. Inner cover 410 includes cooling air inlet duct at 414 which may be connected to an intake duct as described in either of U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 12/849,480 or 12/849,516, both of which were filed on Aug. 3, 2010, the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference.

As shown, transmission 62 includes an output 420 (FIG. 22) facing forwardly and positioned under CVT 400, which drives front differential 330 through drive shaft 426. As shown in FIG. 23, transmission 62 is integrated with rear differential 430 having splined output drive couplings 432. Thus as shown, engine 60 and transmission 62 are both drivingly coupled to each other through CVT 400 as well as rigidly connected together by way of links 402. The engine and transmission can therefore be mounted as a subassembly and mounted within frame 10 of ATV 2. Engine and transmission subassembly are mounted via a three point mounting system through front engine mount 440 and rear engine mount 442, as described below.

Front engine mount 440 is shown best in FIG. 21 having a cross beam 446 attached to bracket 448 having mounting apertures at 450. Engine mount 440 is shown somewhat exploded away from engine 60 in FIG. 21, and it should be appreciated that front engine mount 440 is attached to the block of engine 60 by removing fasteners 460 (FIG. 23) and inserting fasteners 460 through mounting apertures 450. Front engine mount 440 further includes mount arms 462 which includes resilient engine mounts 464. With reference to FIG. 23, rear mount 442 includes a bracket 470 fixed to the transmission 62 which retains a resilient engine mount 472 which is substantially the same as those shown at 464 (FIG. 21). Each of the mounts 464, 472 includes locating pegs 478 and fasteners 480 for coupling the engine mounts to the frame.

With reference again to FIGS. 18 and 19, engine and transmission subassembly is shown supported by the frame with engine mounts 464 attached to front engine mounts 140. In this configuration, locating pegs 478 of mounts 464 are located in locating apertures 148 (FIG. 10) while fasteners 480 are positioned through apertures 146. Meanwhile, locating pegs 478 of mount 442 are located in locating apertures 146 (FIG. 9) while fasteners 480 are positioned through apertures 134 (FIG. 9).

With reference now to FIGS. 24-26, the operator's compartment 6 will be described in greater detail. As shown, ATV 2 includes a front enclosure member 500 which includes a back wall 502, side walls 504 and 506, an inclined floor portion 508 and floor board portion 510. A recess portion 512 is provided for the operator's foot, such that the operator's heel can be positioned in the recess 512 and operate the accelerator pedal 520 of the operator controls 34. The recess 512 could be similarly designed to that shown in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/218,572 filed Jul. 16, 2008, the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference.

Front enclosure 500 further includes a center section 521 including a first convex section 522, a protruding section 524 and a recessed portion 526. Front enclosure 500 further includes lateral sections 530 (FIG. 25) which extend outwardly from the operator's area and overlap frame tubes 230. As shown best in FIG. 26, the front enclosure 500 further includes a wall portion 534 extending upwardly from floor board portion 510 extending substantially up to seat 22. With reference still to FIG. 26, ATV 2 is shown in section which shows concave portion 522 extending over and providing clearance for differential 330; protrusion 524 providing clearance for universal joint 324; and recessed portion 526 providing clearance for steering rod 322.

It should also be appreciated that the operator's compartment, particularly the feet room defined between side walls 504 and 506 is extremely voluminous, even with the reduced wheel base of ATV 2. This is accomplished by providing the front steering mechanism 310 and front differential 330 in tandem relation relative to each other and by providing the front suspension as a strut mechanism as opposed to a double control arm mechanism. Said differently, if an upper control arm had been used in addition to the front lower control arm 280, then an inner coupling position of an upper control arm would have reduced the allowable space for front enclosure 500. For example and with reference again to FIG. 14, if an upper control arm had been used, it would have been mounted generally vertically above lower control arms and would have been mounted above front differential 330. Rather, the use of a single lower control arm 280 and the use of struts allow side walls 504 and 506 to be at least as wide as front frame tubes 230.

With reference now to FIGS. 27-29, frame 10 is provided with a coupling assembly to couple roll cage 4. As shown in FIG. 27, couplers 158 are fixed within an open end of frame tube portion 156 and are provided in a semi-cylindrical configuration. As shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, front frame tube 246 includes cut out portions 248 at each end which provides access to mounting apertures 550 (FIG. 29). More specifically, front frame tube 246 includes a front tube wall and a rear tube wall, and a portion of the front tube wall adjacent each end is cut away to expose the rear tube wall. Couplers 552 are provided having a semi-cylindrical portion having a flat face 554 which can abut back surface 558 of frame tube 246, and then fasteners are received through apertures 550 retaining couplers 552 thereto. As described, four couplers, that is couplers 158 and 552 are provided such that roll cage 4 can be assembled and disassembled from ATV 2, as further described herein. With reference again to FIG. 4, as described above roll cage 4 defines an enlarged enclosure for an operator. As shown in FIG. 4, due to the outward configuration of frame tubes 150, the enclosure extends beyond lines 560 which project from inner surfaces of the front tires. More particularly, a width shown at 562 of the roll cage 4 is 36.028 inches in width (915.115 mm).

With reference now to FIGS. 30-32, radiator 570 is shown supported by radiator bracket 572. Radiator bracket 572 is attached to front bracket 72 by way of fasteners through apertures 576 of tabs 574 into threaded apertures 266 (FIG. 12). Radiator bracket 572 also includes upper tabs 580 having apertures 582 therethrough. Tabs 580 overlap top wall 252 of bracket 72 and a fastener may be positioned through apertures 582 into threaded apertures 267. This provides an upper platform surface 578 for supporting radiator 570.

As also shown in FIG. 32, winch 600 is provided having a mounting bracket 602 having apertures 604 with threaded members 606 attached thereto. Bracket 602 may be positioned within side walls 254, 256 with apertures 604 aligned with apertures 272 where upon a fastener may be positioned through apertures 272 to engage thread members 606.

With reference now to FIGS. 33 and 34, roll cage 4 is shown in greater detail. As shown, roll cage 4 includes left frame member 610 and right frame member 612, the frame members 610 and 612 being fastened together by way of cross braces 614, 616 and 618. In the embodiment shown, cross braces 614, 616 and 618 are structural members formed of a rigid material and as shown are stamped and formed steel members. Brackets 622, 624 and 626 (FIG. 34) are coupled to the frame members 610 and 612, and cross brace 614 is attached to the brackets 622; cross brace 616 is attached to the brackets 624; and cross brace 618 is attached to the brackets 626. In addition, front couplers 630 are provided, which correspond with couplers 552 (see FIG. 29), and the couplers 552, 630 are attached to each other by way of fasteners. Rear couplers 632 are also provided, which correspond with couplers 158 (see FIG. 5), and the couplers 158, 632 are attached to each other by way of fasteners. In the embodiment shown, brackets 622, 624 and 626 are structural members formed of steel or of a casting and are welded to the left and right frame members 610 and 612. Cross braces 614, 616 and 618 may then be attached to the brackets by way of fasteners. As should be appreciated, the entire roll rage 4 can be added or removed by way of the fasteners through the couplers 630, 632.

With reference now to FIGS. 35-46, a second embodiment will be shown. With reference first to FIGS. 35-36, the general nature of the vehicle will be described. As shown, vehicle 702 is an ATV class vehicle for a single rider having dimensions similar to those of the Polaris Sportsman XP vehicle. However as vehicle 702 includes a roll cage structure 704, the vehicle includes a walk through opening at 706 entering into operator's compartment 708, as best shown in FIG. 36. With that background, the vehicle will be described in greater detail.

As shown in FIG. 36, vehicle 702 includes a frame 710, supported by front wheels 712 and rear wheels 714. Frame 710 generally supports a powertrain 720 as well as a single seat 722 shown in the form of a bucket seat. The bucket seat 722 may take the form of the seat in the vehicle known as the Polaris RZR, which is also shown in U.S. Pat. No. 7,819,220 (EP Patent 2046625 B1), the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference.

As shown in FIG. 36, the vehicle may be steered by a steering wheel 730 which is adjustable by adjustable mechanism 732. Alternatively, vehicle 702 may be steered by a handlebar as is known by the Polaris Sportsman XP referred to above. In terms of vehicle speed controls, vehicle 702 may have an accelerator pedal and a brake pedal similar to that of the Polaris RZR vehicle, or the vehicle may have vehicle speed controls by way of a thumb throttle and hand brakes on the handlebar as known by the Polaris Sportsman XP. The vehicle 702 includes a front suspension 734 and a rear suspension 736, as best shown in FIG. 38.

In either event, and with reference to FIG. 37, operator's area 708 includes a front enclosure 740 defined by back wall 742 and shrouded sidewalls 744 and 746. This allows the operator's feet to be fully forward and nested in front enclosure 740 preventing the operator's feet and legs from moving from side to side. As also shown in FIG. 37, floorboard 748 is substantially flat allowing the ingress and egress of the operator. As shown, shrouded portion 744 can include an integrated cup holder such as 750 providing an ergonomic position for a cup holder or water bottle for the driver. As also shown in FIGS. 38 and 39, entry treads 754 flank the operator walk through entry. While these are shown as flush with the floorboard 748, it should be appreciated that they could also be provided with a lip, to further define an enclosure. Side nets may also be provided to cover the opening across the operator's entry way, as shown and described in assignee's pending U.S. application Ser. No. 12/796,495 (and corresponding PCT application PCT/US2010/38709) the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference.

With reference again to FIGS. 36 and 37, single seat 722 is shown having a seat bottom 760 for supporting the driver. As shown, seat bottom 760 is flanked by side panels 766 and 768. Side panel 766 could have an inner cavity accessed by a pivotal door which opens allowing the operator to have storage area inside the side panel 766. Side panel 768 is partially occupied by a filler tube (not shown) which is connected to a gas tank situated under the driver's seat bottom 760 and which is closed by the filler cap 772 (FIG. 37). Side panel 768 would also include a top panel 774. As shown, both the side panels 766 and 768 are approximately the same level as seat bottom 760 which allows the operator to use the top of the side panels for sliding in or out of the seat 722 upon ingress or egress. That in combination with the walk through entry, allows easy ingress/egress of the driver, even with the roll cage.

With reference now to FIGS. 38-42, frame 710 will be described in greater detail. As shown best in FIG. 38, frame 710 is comprised of box tube frames 780 and 782, which define the main structure for vehicle 702. Frame 710 includes a rear engine and transmission mount portion 784, a rear suspension mount portion 786 and front suspension mount portion shown generally at 788. As shown, frame 710 mounts an engine 790 and transmission 792 to mount portion 784. Engine 790 is of the type shown and described in Assignee's Ser. No. 61/385,802 filed Sep. 23, 2010, and corresponding PCT application PCT/US2011/52914; the subject matter of which are incorporated herein by reference. Transmission 792, and the mounting of the engine and transmission together, as well as the mounting of the engine 790 and transmission 792 to frame 710 is similar to that shown in either of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/849,480 or 12/849,516, both of which were filed on Aug. 3, 2010, corresponding PCT application PCT/US2011/46395; the subject matter of which are incorporated herein by reference.

As shown in FIGS. 38, 39 and 46, front frame portion 788 is shown with frame tubes 780 and 782 that neck down and support cross beam 800, which is coupled with frame uprights 801 and 802. Strut frame (or shock tower) 806 and frame tubes 808 are also supported by frame tubes 780 and 782. Front frame portion 788 allows mounting of struts 810, suspension arms 812, front differential 814, rack and pinion steering mechanism 816 as well as steering arms 818. A steering post (not shown) extends upwardly from steering mechanism 816 for steering the ATV 702. Half shafts or stub shafts 822 connect front differential 814 to the wheels by way of couplings 828. As shown in FIG. 46, a centerline through couplings 828 is forward of a centerline through wheels 712, 714 and therefore stub shafts 822 extend rearwardly and downwardly to the wheels 712, 714. Struts 810 are comprised of shock absorber portion 824 and hub portion 826, where hub portions 826 rotate relative to shock absorber portions 824.

With reference now to FIG. 40, the rear mount section 786 includes a frame tube 830 to which brackets of engine 790 are mounted as more fully described in our U.S. application Ser. Nos. 12/849,480 and 12/849,516 as described above. Transmission 792 is also mounted to frame portion 784 (FIG. 38) by way of an isolation mount, again as described in Ser. Nos. 12/849,480 and 12/849,516. As shown in FIG. 40, rear frame portion 784 further includes a rear bracket structure 840 for mounting muffler 842 which is connected to engine by way of exhaust pipe 844. As shown, muffler 842 is positioned in the rear of the vehicle as shown in FIGS. 38 and 40. As mounted, engine and transmission, 790, 792, provide an engine output shaft 850, a transmission input shaft 852 to which a continuously variable transmission (CVT, not shown) would be coupled. This provides a forward output shaft 854 for driving front differential and front wheels, and a rear output shaft (not shown) for driving rear wheels. With reference to FIG. 38, suspension frame mount 786 provides channels 858 for receiving double A-arms 860, 862 to which wheel hubs 864 are mounted.

With reference now to FIGS. 41 and 42, upper support pedestals 880 are provided which are supported above frame rails 780 and 782 by bracing such as 882, 884 and 886, and include connector members 890 attached thereto for attachment to roll cage 704.

With reference now to FIG. 43, support bracket 900 is held by upright 802 to support a connector 902 for attachment to the front of roll cage 704. Note that bracket 900 supports roll cage 704 forward of strut 810 as described herein.

With reference now to FIG. 44, a front frame casting 910 is provided which may be attached to front frame 788 and in particular to uprights 802 and cross-frame 806. Frame casting 910 provides support for front shroud 920 and front rack 922, as shown in FIGS. 35 and 36.

With reference again to FIGS. 35-37, vehicle 702 also includes a rear utility box 950 supported on a rear of vehicle 702 where a rear portion 704a of roll cage 704 extends downwardly through cargo box 950 (through aperture 960, see FIG. 45) and portion 704b extends downwardly through an aperture 962 of front utility rack 922, see FIGS. 36 and 43. As shown in FIGS. 38 and 40, rear suspension includes a double A-arm suspension having arms 970 and shock 972.

With reference now to FIGS. 47-52, a further illustrative front suspension 1040 for use with the vehicle 2 is shown. In the following description, like reference numbers are used to identify similar components to those detailed above in connection with front suspension 40. As shown, front suspension 1040 is comprised of lower control arms 1044 (also known as A-arms) having an inner end at 1046 and an outer end at 1048. Each lower control arm 1044 includes a first member 1050 and a second member 1052 extending between lower inner coupling 1054 and lower outer coupling 1056. Inner coupling 1054 may be pivotably secured to the frame 10, for example, between first and second mounting extensions 202 and 214. Outer coupling 1056 may be defined as a ball joint secured to the hub carrier 296 and hub 298 which, in turn is coupled to wheel 712.

The front suspension 1040 further includes upper control arms 1064 (also known as A-arms) having an inner end at 1066 and an outer end at 1068. Each upper control arm 1064 includes a first member 1070 and a second member 1072 extending between upper inner coupling 1074 and upper outer coupling 1076. Inner coupling 1074 may be pivotably secured to the frame 10, for example, between first and second mounting extensions 202 and 214. Alternatively, brackets 1078 may be fixed, illustratively through welding, to the frame 10 and rotatably support the inner coupling 1074. Outer coupling 1076 may be defined as a ball joint secured to the hub carrier 296 and hub 298 which, in turn is coupled to wheel 712.

Shock absorbers 1080 illustratively extend between the upper control arms 1064 and the shock tower 240. More particularly, each shock absorber 1080 includes an upper portion 1082 illustratively having an upper mount, such as a clevis 1084 and pin 1085 coupled to the shock mount 242, and a lower portion 1086 having a lower mount, such as a clevis 1087 and pin 1089 mounted to an upper cross-member 1088 of the upper control arm 1064. The upper cross-member 1088 and clevis 1087 are illustratively supported intermediate the inner and outer couplings 1074 and 1076.

In the illustrative embodiment, the inner coupling 1074 of each upper control arm 1064 is positioned vertically above, laterally outwardly from, and longitudinally forward of the inner coupling 1074 of the lower control arm 1044. The spacing of the upper control arms 1064 relative to the lower control arms 1044 provides improved clearance for an operator's legs within the operator's compartment 6.

With reference to FIG. 48, the lateral width spacing (W) between the inner couplings 1074 of the upper and lower control arms 1064 and 1044 is illustratively about 2.74 inches (69.67 mm). The illustrative vertical height spacing (H) between the inner couplings 1074 of the upper and lower control arms 1064 and 1044 is about 5.88 inches (149.28 mm). As shown in FIG. 50, the longitudinal length spacing (L) between the midpoints 1090 and 1092 of the inner couplings 1074 and 1054 of the upper and lower control arms 1064 and 1044, respectively, is about 6.95 inches (176.61 mm). The midpoints 1090 and 1092 of the inner couplings 1074 and 1054 are defined as the center point between the respective first and second members 1070, 1050 and 1072, 1052. The control arms 1044 and 1064 are configured to provide approximately 9 inches (228.6 mm) of travel.

With reference to FIG. 53, a further illustrative front suspension 1094 is illustrated. The front suspension 1094 includes lower control arms 1044 (also known as A-arms) having inner end at 1046 and outer end at 1048. Inner coupling 1054 may be pivotably secured to the frame 10, while an outer coupling 1095 may be secured to the hub carrier 296 and hub 298. The outer coupling 1095 illustratively includes a vertical pivot tube 1096 secured (e.g. welded) to the outer end 1048 of control arms 1044. A u-shaped receiver or wheel hub 1098 and pin 1100 supports the pivot tube 1096 for pivoting movement about a generally vertical axis. It should be noted that the vertical pivot tube 1096 and the u-shaped receiver 1098 may be interchanged. In other words, the vertical pivot tube 1096 may be supported by the wheel hub 298, and the u-shaped receiver 1098 may be supported by the control arm 1044.

Shock absorbers 1080 illustratively extend between the lower control arms 1044 and the shock tower 240. More particularly, each shock absorber 1080 includes an upper portion 1082 illustratively having an upper mount, such as a clevis 1084 and pin 1085 mounted to the shock mount 242, and a lower portion 1086 having a lower mount, such as a clevis 1087 and pin 1089 mounted to an upper cross-member 1102 of the lower control arm 1044. The upper cross-member 1102 and clevis 1087 are illustratively supported intermediate the inner and outer ends 1046 and 1048 of the control arms 1044.

With reference now to FIGS. 54-59, an illustrative floorboard or floor body panel 1110 coupled to the frame 10 is shown within the operator's compartment 6. The floorboard 1110 illustratively includes a plurality of portions having different vertical levels or elevations, including a depressed footwell 1112 laterally spaced from a raised dead pedal 1114. As shown, the footwell 1112 is defined by a recess 1113 for locating an operator's right foot, and the dead pedal 1114 is defined by a raised portion 1115 for locating an operator's left foot.

With reference now to FIGS. 54-57 and 59, footwell 1112 may include similar features as recess 512 detailed above. Footwell 1112 is provided for the operator's right foot, such that the operator's heel can be positioned in the recess 1113 and operate the accelerator pedal 520 or a brake pedal 1116. Footwell 1112 is comprised of a floor 1118, rear wall 1120, front wall 1122, left side wall 1124, and right side wall 1126. Right side wall 1122 is angled relative to left side wall 1124, as described herein. Floor 1118 is angled downwardly from front wall 1122 to rear wall 1120 by angle a (illustratively about 9.5 degrees) (FIG. 57), and laterally overlaps at least a portion of both foot pedals 220 and 1116 (FIG. 54).

With reference to the illustrative embodiment of FIG. 56, the front wall 1122 has a width W1 of about 6.09 inches (154.76 mm), and the rear wall 1120 has a width W2 of about 6.86 inches (174.2 mm). In another illustrative embodiment, the front wall 1122 has a width W1 of about 6.06 inches (153.9 mm), and the rear wall 1120 has a width W2 of about 6.52 inches (165.55 mm). Illustratively, the footwell 1112 has depth of approximately 0.89 inches (22.7 mm) at the front wall 122, and a depth of approximately 0.93 inches (23.7 mm) at the rear wall 1120. In the illustrative embodiment of FIG. 56, the length L1 of the footwell 1112 is approximately 8.94 inches (226.94 mm). In another illustrative embodiment, the length L1 of the footwell 1112 is approximately 7.95 inches (202.03 mm).

As shown in FIGS. 54-56, 58 and 60, dead pedal 1114 is provided for the operator's left foot, such that the operator's heel may be positioned on the floorboard 1110 with his or her foot angled upwardly. More particularly, the dead pedal 1114 includes a heel pocket 1130 configured to receive the heel of an operator's foot, an arch support 1132 configured to support the arch of an operator's foot when his/her heel is in the heel pocket 1130, and an upper support 1133 configured to support the end portion of an operator's foot. The raised portion 1115 is angled upwardly from a front wall toward a rear wall at an ergonomically advantageous position, illustratively by an angle β (about 42 degrees) to match the natural placement and angle of an operator's foot.

With FIG. 56, the dead pedal 1114 includes a left side edge 1134 and a right side edge 1136 defining a lateral dimension or width W3, illustratively 5.98 inches (151.84 mm). The arch support 1132 illustratively has a length L2 of approximately 3.2 inches (81.38 mm). The lateral distance between right side edge 1136 and left side wall 1124 at front wall 1122 of footwell 1112 is shown as D3 in FIG. 56 and is illustratively about 7.39 inches (187.68 mm). In another illustrative embodiment, distance D3 between right side edge 1136 of dead pedal 1114 and left side wall 1124 at front wall 1122 of footwell 1112 is about 6.23 inches (158.29 mm).

A drive housing 1140 is illustratively positioned laterally intermediate the footwell 1112 and the dead pedal 1114. The drive housing 1140 includes a first or raised portion 1142 providing clearance for differential 330, and a second portion or recess 1144 providing clearance for universal joint 324. An opening 1146 is provided for the input shaft 312 below steering post 322. The opening 1146 may comprise a circular aperture or a u-shaped slot to facilitate assembly.

While this invention has been described as having an exemplary design, the present invention may be further modified within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practices in the art to which this invention pertains. 

1. An all-terrain vehicle comprising: a frame; a seat supported by the frame; front and rear wheels supporting the frame; a drive train supported by the frame and drivingly coupled to the front and rear wheels; front lower control arms, each having an inner end and an outer end, the inner end pivotably coupled to the frame at a lower inner coupling, and the outer end coupled to one of the front wheels at a lower outer coupling; front upper control arms, each having an inner end and an outer end, the inner end pivotably coupled to the frame at an upper inner coupling, and the outer end coupled to one of the front wheels at an upper outer coupling; and front shock absorbers, each including a lower mount coupled to the upper alignment arm intermediate the inner and outer ends, and an upper mount coupled to the frame; wherein the upper inner coupling is positioned vertically above and longitudinally forward of the lower inner coupling.
 2. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 1, wherein the upper inner coupling is positioned about 5.88 inches above the lower inner coupling.
 3. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 1, wherein the upper inner coupling is positioned about 6.95 inches forward of the lower inner coupling.
 4. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 1, wherein the upper inner coupling is positioned laterally outwardly from the lower inner coupling.
 5. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 4, wherein the upper inner coupling is positioned about 2.74 inches outward from the lower inner coupling.
 6. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 1, further comprising a steering mechanism positioned forward of the axial centerline of the front wheels.
 7. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 1, further comprising an operator's compartment extending generally between the seat and a front enclosure, the front enclosure extending forwardly to a position proximate an axial centerline of the front wheels.
 8. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 7, wherein the front enclosure extends to a position forward of the axial centerline of the front wheels.
 9. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 7, wherein the front enclosure includes a floorboard positioned forward of the seat.
 10. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 9, wherein the seat is elevated relative to the floorboard.
 11. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 9, the floorboard includes a plurality of portions at different elevations.
 12. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 11, wherein the floorboard includes a depressed footwell and a raised dead pedal laterally spaced from the footwell.
 13. An all-terrain vehicle comprising: a frame; a seat supported by the frame; front and rear wheels supporting the frame; a drive-train supported by the frame; a floorboard supported by the frame; and a foot control adjacent the floor board and configured to be depressed by a foot of an operator supported by the seat; wherein the floorboard includes a footwell to receive a heel of the user's right foot and a dead pedal to support a user's left foot.
 14. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 13, wherein the heel pocket is defined by a recess in the floorboard.
 15. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 14, wherein the recess is defined by a generally flat bottom portion and at least one adjoining wall.
 16. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 15, wherein the recess is generally rectangular.
 17. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 14, wherein the dead pedal is defined by a raised portion of the floor board.
 18. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 17, wherein the foot control includes a plurality of pivotable foot pedals.
 19. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 18, wherein the recess laterally overlaps at least a portion of the foot pedals.
 20. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 18, wherein the foot pedals include an accelerator pedal and a brake pedal.
 21. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 20, wherein the heel pocket extends to the right of the accelerator pedal, and the dead petal extends to the left of the brake pedal.
 22. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 15, wherein the bottom portion is angled from horizontal.
 23. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 13, wherein the seat is elevated relative to the floorboard.
 24. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 13, further comprising: front lower control arms, each having an inner end and an outer end, the inner end pivotably coupled to the frame at a lower inner coupling, and the outer end coupled to one of the front wheels at a lower outer coupling; front upper control arms, each having an inner end and an outer end, the inner end pivotably coupled to the frame at an upper inner coupling, and the outer end coupled to one of the front wheels at an upper outer coupling; and front shock absorbers, each including a lower mount coupled to the upper alignment arm intermediate the inner and outer ends, and an upper mount coupled to the frame.
 25. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 24, wherein the upper inner coupling is positioned vertically above and longitudinally forward of the lower inner coupling.
 26. The all-terrain vehicle of claim 25, wherein the upper inner coupling is positioned laterally outwardly from the lower inner coupling. 